import socket import struct import threading import time from typing import Optional, Union # websocket modules from ._abnf import * from ._exceptions import * from ._handshake import * from ._http import * from ._logging import * from ._socket import * from ._ssl_compat import * from ._utils import * """ _core.py websocket - WebSocket client library for Python Copyright 2023 engn33r Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. """ __all__ = ["WebSocket", "create_connection"] class WebSocket: """ Low level WebSocket interface. This class is based on the WebSocket protocol `draft-hixie-thewebsocketprotocol-76 `_ We can connect to the websocket server and send/receive data. The following example is an echo client. >>> import websocket >>> ws = websocket.WebSocket() >>> ws.connect("ws://echo.websocket.events") >>> ws.recv() 'echo.websocket.events sponsored by Lob.com' >>> ws.send("Hello, Server") 19 >>> ws.recv() 'Hello, Server' >>> ws.close() Parameters ---------- get_mask_key: func A callable function to get new mask keys, see the WebSocket.set_mask_key's docstring for more information. sockopt: tuple Values for socket.setsockopt. sockopt must be tuple and each element is argument of sock.setsockopt. sslopt: dict Optional dict object for ssl socket options. See FAQ for details. fire_cont_frame: bool Fire recv event for each cont frame. Default is False. enable_multithread: bool If set to True, lock send method. skip_utf8_validation: bool Skip utf8 validation. """ def __init__( self, get_mask_key=None, sockopt=None, sslopt=None, fire_cont_frame: bool = False, enable_multithread: bool = True, skip_utf8_validation: bool = False, **_, ): """ Initialize WebSocket object. Parameters ---------- sslopt: dict Optional dict object for ssl socket options. See FAQ for details. """ self.sock_opt = sock_opt(sockopt, sslopt) self.handshake_response = None self.sock: Optional[socket.socket] = None self.connected = False self.get_mask_key = get_mask_key # These buffer over the build-up of a single frame. self.frame_buffer = frame_buffer(self._recv, skip_utf8_validation) self.cont_frame = continuous_frame(fire_cont_frame, skip_utf8_validation) if enable_multithread: self.lock = threading.Lock() self.readlock = threading.Lock() else: self.lock = NoLock() self.readlock = NoLock() def __iter__(self): """ Allow iteration over websocket, implying sequential `recv` executions. """ while True: yield self.recv() def __next__(self): return self.recv() def next(self): return self.__next__() def fileno(self): return self.sock.fileno() def set_mask_key(self, func): """ Set function to create mask key. You can customize mask key generator. Mainly, this is for testing purpose. Parameters ---------- func: func callable object. the func takes 1 argument as integer. The argument means length of mask key. This func must return string(byte array), which length is argument specified. """ self.get_mask_key = func def gettimeout(self) -> Union[float, int, None]: """ Get the websocket timeout (in seconds) as an int or float Returns ---------- timeout: int or float returns timeout value (in seconds). This value could be either float/integer. """ return self.sock_opt.timeout def settimeout(self, timeout: Union[float, int, None]): """ Set the timeout to the websocket. Parameters ---------- timeout: int or float timeout time (in seconds). This value could be either float/integer. """ self.sock_opt.timeout = timeout if self.sock: self.sock.settimeout(timeout) timeout = property(gettimeout, settimeout) def getsubprotocol(self): """ Get subprotocol """ if self.handshake_response: return self.handshake_response.subprotocol else: return None subprotocol = property(getsubprotocol) def getstatus(self): """ Get handshake status """ if self.handshake_response: return self.handshake_response.status else: return None status = property(getstatus) def getheaders(self): """ Get handshake response header """ if self.handshake_response: return self.handshake_response.headers else: return None def is_ssl(self): try: return isinstance(self.sock, ssl.SSLSocket) except: return False headers = property(getheaders) def connect(self, url, **options): """ Connect to url. url is websocket url scheme. ie. ws://host:port/resource You can customize using 'options'. If you set "header" list object, you can set your own custom header. >>> ws = WebSocket() >>> ws.connect("ws://echo.websocket.events", ... header=["User-Agent: MyProgram", ... "x-custom: header"]) Parameters ---------- header: list or dict Custom http header list or dict. cookie: str Cookie value. origin: str Custom origin url. connection: str Custom connection header value. Default value "Upgrade" set in _handshake.py suppress_origin: bool Suppress outputting origin header. host: str Custom host header string. timeout: int or float Socket timeout time. This value is an integer or float. If you set None for this value, it means "use default_timeout value" http_proxy_host: str HTTP proxy host name. http_proxy_port: str or int HTTP proxy port. Default is 80. http_no_proxy: list Whitelisted host names that don't use the proxy. http_proxy_auth: tuple HTTP proxy auth information. Tuple of username and password. Default is None. http_proxy_timeout: int or float HTTP proxy timeout, default is 60 sec as per python-socks. redirect_limit: int Number of redirects to follow. subprotocols: list List of available subprotocols. Default is None. socket: socket Pre-initialized stream socket. """ self.sock_opt.timeout = options.get("timeout", self.sock_opt.timeout) self.sock, addrs = connect( url, self.sock_opt, proxy_info(**options), options.pop("socket", None) ) try: self.handshake_response = handshake(self.sock, url, *addrs, **options) for attempt in range(options.pop("redirect_limit", 3)): if self.handshake_response.status in SUPPORTED_REDIRECT_STATUSES: url = self.handshake_response.headers["location"] self.sock.close() self.sock, addrs = connect( url, self.sock_opt, proxy_info(**options), options.pop("socket", None), ) self.handshake_response = handshake( self.sock, url, *addrs, **options ) self.connected = True except: if self.sock: self.sock.close() self.sock = None raise def send(self, payload: Union[bytes, str], opcode: int = ABNF.OPCODE_TEXT) -> int: """ Send the data as string. Parameters ---------- payload: str Payload must be utf-8 string or unicode, If the opcode is OPCODE_TEXT. Otherwise, it must be string(byte array). opcode: int Operation code (opcode) to send. """ frame = ABNF.create_frame(payload, opcode) return self.send_frame(frame) def send_text(self, text_data: str) -> int: """ Sends UTF-8 encoded text. """ return self.send(text_data, ABNF.OPCODE_TEXT) def send_bytes(self, data: Union[bytes, bytearray]) -> int: """ Sends a sequence of bytes. """ return self.send(data, ABNF.OPCODE_BINARY) def send_frame(self, frame) -> int: """ Send the data frame. >>> ws = create_connection("ws://echo.websocket.events") >>> frame = ABNF.create_frame("Hello", ABNF.OPCODE_TEXT) >>> ws.send_frame(frame) >>> cont_frame = ABNF.create_frame("My name is ", ABNF.OPCODE_CONT, 0) >>> ws.send_frame(frame) >>> cont_frame = ABNF.create_frame("Foo Bar", ABNF.OPCODE_CONT, 1) >>> ws.send_frame(frame) Parameters ---------- frame: ABNF frame frame data created by ABNF.create_frame """ if self.get_mask_key: frame.get_mask_key = self.get_mask_key data = frame.format() length = len(data) if isEnabledForTrace(): trace(f"++Sent raw: {repr(data)}") trace(f"++Sent decoded: {frame.__str__()}") with self.lock: while data: l = self._send(data) data = data[l:] return length def send_binary(self, payload: bytes) -> int: """ Send a binary message (OPCODE_BINARY). Parameters ---------- payload: bytes payload of message to send. """ return self.send(payload, ABNF.OPCODE_BINARY) def ping(self, payload: Union[str, bytes] = ""): """ Send ping data. Parameters ---------- payload: str data payload to send server. """ if isinstance(payload, str): payload = payload.encode("utf-8") self.send(payload, ABNF.OPCODE_PING) def pong(self, payload: Union[str, bytes] = ""): """ Send pong data. Parameters ---------- payload: str data payload to send server. """ if isinstance(payload, str): payload = payload.encode("utf-8") self.send(payload, ABNF.OPCODE_PONG) def recv(self) -> Union[str, bytes]: """ Receive string data(byte array) from the server. Returns ---------- data: string (byte array) value. """ with self.readlock: opcode, data = self.recv_data() if opcode == ABNF.OPCODE_TEXT: data_received: Union[bytes, str] = data if isinstance(data_received, bytes): return data_received.decode("utf-8") elif isinstance(data_received, str): return data_received elif opcode == ABNF.OPCODE_BINARY: data_binary: bytes = data return data_binary else: return "" def recv_data(self, control_frame: bool = False) -> tuple: """ Receive data with operation code. Parameters ---------- control_frame: bool a boolean flag indicating whether to return control frame data, defaults to False Returns ------- opcode, frame.data: tuple tuple of operation code and string(byte array) value. """ opcode, frame = self.recv_data_frame(control_frame) return opcode, frame.data def recv_data_frame(self, control_frame: bool = False) -> tuple: """ Receive data with operation code. If a valid ping message is received, a pong response is sent. Parameters ---------- control_frame: bool a boolean flag indicating whether to return control frame data, defaults to False Returns ------- frame.opcode, frame: tuple tuple of operation code and string(byte array) value. """ while True: frame = self.recv_frame() if isEnabledForTrace(): trace(f"++Rcv raw: {repr(frame.format())}") trace(f"++Rcv decoded: {frame.__str__()}") if not frame: # handle error: # 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'opcode' raise WebSocketProtocolException(f"Not a valid frame {frame}") elif frame.opcode in ( ABNF.OPCODE_TEXT, ABNF.OPCODE_BINARY, ABNF.OPCODE_CONT, ): self.cont_frame.validate(frame) self.cont_frame.add(frame) if self.cont_frame.is_fire(frame): return self.cont_frame.extract(frame) elif frame.opcode == ABNF.OPCODE_CLOSE: self.send_close() return frame.opcode, frame elif frame.opcode == ABNF.OPCODE_PING: if len(frame.data) < 126: self.pong(frame.data) else: raise WebSocketProtocolException("Ping message is too long") if control_frame: return frame.opcode, frame elif frame.opcode == ABNF.OPCODE_PONG: if control_frame: return frame.opcode, frame def recv_frame(self): """ Receive data as frame from server. Returns ------- self.frame_buffer.recv_frame(): ABNF frame object """ return self.frame_buffer.recv_frame() def send_close(self, status: int = STATUS_NORMAL, reason: bytes = b""): """ Send close data to the server. Parameters ---------- status: int Status code to send. See STATUS_XXX. reason: str or bytes The reason to close. This must be string or UTF-8 bytes. """ if status < 0 or status >= ABNF.LENGTH_16: raise ValueError("code is invalid range") self.connected = False self.send(struct.pack("!H", status) + reason, ABNF.OPCODE_CLOSE) def close(self, status: int = STATUS_NORMAL, reason: bytes = b"", timeout: int = 3): """ Close Websocket object Parameters ---------- status: int Status code to send. See VALID_CLOSE_STATUS in ABNF. reason: bytes The reason to close in UTF-8. timeout: int or float Timeout until receive a close frame. If None, it will wait forever until receive a close frame. """ if not self.connected: return if status < 0 or status >= ABNF.LENGTH_16: raise ValueError("code is invalid range") try: self.connected = False self.send(struct.pack("!H", status) + reason, ABNF.OPCODE_CLOSE) sock_timeout = self.sock.gettimeout() self.sock.settimeout(timeout) start_time = time.time() while timeout is None or time.time() - start_time < timeout: try: frame = self.recv_frame() if frame.opcode != ABNF.OPCODE_CLOSE: continue if isEnabledForError(): recv_status = struct.unpack("!H", frame.data[0:2])[0] if recv_status >= 3000 and recv_status <= 4999: debug(f"close status: {repr(recv_status)}") elif recv_status != STATUS_NORMAL: error(f"close status: {repr(recv_status)}") break except: break self.sock.settimeout(sock_timeout) self.sock.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR) except: pass self.shutdown() def abort(self): """ Low-level asynchronous abort, wakes up other threads that are waiting in recv_* """ if self.connected: self.sock.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR) def shutdown(self): """ close socket, immediately. """ if self.sock: self.sock.close() self.sock = None self.connected = False def _send(self, data: Union[str, bytes]): return send(self.sock, data) def _recv(self, bufsize): try: return recv(self.sock, bufsize) except WebSocketConnectionClosedException: if self.sock: self.sock.close() self.sock = None self.connected = False raise def create_connection(url: str, timeout=None, class_=WebSocket, **options): """ Connect to url and return websocket object. Connect to url and return the WebSocket object. Passing optional timeout parameter will set the timeout on the socket. If no timeout is supplied, the global default timeout setting returned by getdefaulttimeout() is used. You can customize using 'options'. If you set "header" list object, you can set your own custom header. >>> conn = create_connection("ws://echo.websocket.events", ... header=["User-Agent: MyProgram", ... "x-custom: header"]) Parameters ---------- class_: class class to instantiate when creating the connection. It has to implement settimeout and connect. It's __init__ should be compatible with WebSocket.__init__, i.e. accept all of it's kwargs. header: list or dict custom http header list or dict. cookie: str Cookie value. origin: str custom origin url. suppress_origin: bool suppress outputting origin header. host: str custom host header string. timeout: int or float socket timeout time. This value could be either float/integer. If set to None, it uses the default_timeout value. http_proxy_host: str HTTP proxy host name. http_proxy_port: str or int HTTP proxy port. If not set, set to 80. http_no_proxy: list Whitelisted host names that don't use the proxy. http_proxy_auth: tuple HTTP proxy auth information. tuple of username and password. Default is None. http_proxy_timeout: int or float HTTP proxy timeout, default is 60 sec as per python-socks. enable_multithread: bool Enable lock for multithread. redirect_limit: int Number of redirects to follow. sockopt: tuple Values for socket.setsockopt. sockopt must be a tuple and each element is an argument of sock.setsockopt. sslopt: dict Optional dict object for ssl socket options. See FAQ for details. subprotocols: list List of available subprotocols. Default is None. skip_utf8_validation: bool Skip utf8 validation. socket: socket Pre-initialized stream socket. """ sockopt = options.pop("sockopt", []) sslopt = options.pop("sslopt", {}) fire_cont_frame = options.pop("fire_cont_frame", False) enable_multithread = options.pop("enable_multithread", True) skip_utf8_validation = options.pop("skip_utf8_validation", False) websock = class_( sockopt=sockopt, sslopt=sslopt, fire_cont_frame=fire_cont_frame, enable_multithread=enable_multithread, skip_utf8_validation=skip_utf8_validation, **options, ) websock.settimeout(timeout if timeout is not None else getdefaulttimeout()) websock.connect(url, **options) return websock