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#!/bin/bash
##
## EasyOptions 2015.2.28 Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Renato Silva BSD licensed
##
## This script is supposed to parse command line arguments in a way that, even though its implementation is not trivial, it should be easy and smooth to use.
## For using this script, simply document your target script using double-hash comments, like this:
##
## ## Program Name v1.0 Copyright (C) Someone
## ##
## ## This program does something. Usage:
## ## @#script.name [option]
## ##
## ## Options:
## ## -h, --help All client scripts have this by default,
## ## it shows this double-hash documentation.
## ##
## ## -o, --option This option will get stored as option=yes.
## ## Long version is mandatory, and can be specified before or after short version.
## ##
## ## --some-boolean This will get stored as some_boolean=yes.
## ##
## ## --some-value=VALUE This will get stored as some_value=VALUE,
## ## where VALUE is the actual value specified. The equal sign is optional and can be replaced with blank space. Short version
## ## is not available in this format.
##
## The above comments work both as source code documentation and as help text, as well as define the options supported by your script. Parsing of the options
## from such documentation is quite slow, but at least there is not any duplication of the options specification. The string @#script.name will be replaced with
## the actual script name.
##
## After writing your documentation, you simply source this script. Then all command line options will get parsed into the corresponding variables, as described
## above. You can then check their values for reacting to them. Regular arguments will be available in the $arguments array.
##
## In fact, this script is an example of itself. You are seeing this help message either because you are reading the source code, or you have called the script
## in command line with the --help option.
##
## For better speed, you may want to define the options in source code yourself, so they do not need to be parsed from the documentation. The side effect is
## that when changing them, you will need to update both the documentation and the source code. You define the options statically like this:
##
##
## options=(o=option some-boolean some-value=?)
##
show_error() {
echo "Error: $1." >&2
echo "See --help for usage and options." >&2
}
parse_documentation() {
documentation="$(grep "^##" "$(which "$0")")(no-trim)"
documentation=$(echo "$documentation" | sed -r "s/## ?//" | sed -r "s/@script.name/$(basename "$0")/g" | sed "s/@#/@/g")
documentation=${documentation%(no-trim)}
}
parse_options() {
local short_option_vars
local short_options
local documentation
local next_is_value
local argument
local option
local option_name
local option_value
local option_var
local known_option
local known_option_name
local known_option_var
# Parse known options from documentation
if [[ -z ${options+defined} ]]; then
parse_documentation
while read -r line; do
case "$line" in
"-h, --help"*) continue ;;
"--help, -h"*) continue ;;
-*," "--*) option=$(echo "$line" | awk -F'(^-|, --| )' '{ print $2"="$3 }') ;;
--*," "-*) option=$(echo "$line" | awk -F'(--|, -| )' '{ print $3"="$2 }') ;;
--*=*) option=$(echo "$line" | awk -F'(--|=| )' '{ print $2"=?" }') ;;
--*" "*) option=$(echo "$line" | awk -F'(--| )' '{ print $2 }') ;;
*) continue ;;
esac
options+=("$option")
done <<< "$documentation"
fi
options+=(h=help)
arguments=()
# Prepare known options
for option in "${options[@]}"; do
option_var=${option#*=}
option_name=${option%=$option_var}
if [[ "${#option_name}" = "1" ]]; then
short_options="${short_options}${option_name}"
if [[ "${#option_var}" > "1" ]]; then
short_option_vars+=("$option_var")
fi
fi
done
# Extract regular arguments
index=1
parameters=()
for argument in "$@"; do
if [[ "$argument" = -* ]]; then
parameters+=("$argument")
for known_option in "${options[@]}"; do
known_option_var=${known_option#*=}
known_option_name=${known_option%=$known_option_var}
if [[ "$known_option_var" = "?" && "$argument" = --$known_option_name ]]; then
next_is_value="yes"
break
fi
done
else
if [[ -z "$next_is_value" ]]; then
arguments+=("${!index}")
else
parameters+=("$argument")
fi
next_is_value=""
fi
index=$((index + 1))
done
set -- "${parameters[@]}"
# Parse the provided options
while getopts ":${short_options}-:" option; do
option="${option}${OPTARG}"
option_value=""
# Set the corresponding variable for known options
for known_option in "${options[@]}" "${short_option_vars[@]}"; do
known_option_var=${known_option#*=}
known_option_name=${known_option%=$known_option_var}
# Short option
if [[ "$option" = "$known_option_name" ]]; then
# Short option
if [[ "$option" = "$known_option_name" ]]; then
option_value="yes"
known_option_var=$(echo "$known_option_var" | tr "-" "_")
eval "$known_option_var=\"$option_value\""
break
# Long option
elif [[ "$option" = -$known_option_name && "$known_option_var" != "?" ]]; then
option_value="yes"
known_option_var=$(echo "$known_option_var" | tr "-" "_")
eval "$known_option_var=\"$option_value\""
break
# Long option with value in next parameter
elif [[ "$option" = -$known_option_name && "$known_option_var" = "?" ]]; then
eval option_value="\$$OPTIND"
if [[ -z "$option_value" || "$option_value" = -* ]]; then
show_error "you must specify a value for --$known_option_name"
exit 1
fi
OPTIND=$((OPTIND + 1))
known_option_var=$(echo "$known_option_name" | tr "-" "_")
eval "$known_option_var=\"$option_value\""
break
# Long option with value after equal sign
elif [[ "$option" = -$known_option_name=* && "$known_option_var" = "?" ]]; then
option_value=${option#*=}
known_option_var=$(echo "$known_option_name" | tr "-" "_")
eval "$known_option_var=\"$option_value\""
break
# Long option with unnecessary value
elif [[ "$option" = -$known_option_name=* && "$known_option_var" != "?" ]]; then
option_value=${option#*=}
show_error "--$known_option_name does not accept a value, you specified \"$option_value\""
exit 1
fi
done
# Unknown option
if [[ -z "$option_value" ]]; then
# Unknown option
if [[ -z "$option_value" ]]; then
option=${option%%=*}
[[ "$option" = \?* ]] && option=${option#*\?}
show_error "unrecognized option -$option"
exit 1
fi
# Help option
if [[ -n "$help" ]]; then
[[ -z "$documentation" ]] && parse_documentation
echo "$documentation"
exit
fi
done
}
parse_options "$@"